how to reference a business plan

How to Cite Sources in a Business Plan

A business plan provides potential investors with detailed information on all facets of a company's present-day operations and future projections. The best practice is to support the forecasts presented in a business plan with information provided by credible sources, such as government agencies, industry and trade publications, and authoritative books. It is important to cite the sources of information used in a business plan.

Choose a Style

There are many options available when deciding how to cite sources in a business plan. The three most common academic citation styles are APA, MLA and Chicago. APA style is mostly used for scientific and technical subjects, whereas MLA style is typically used for the humanities fields. Chicago style, also preferred for the humanities, is a documentation style that uses footnotes or endnotes. Whichever option you choose, remain consistent throughout the entire document and properly format each external source of information. Each style offers both online and printed manuals for users.

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How To Cite Sources in Business Proposal

Table of Contents

Having a great business idea is just the first step toward being a business owner. The second step, which is the most crucial, is having a business plan. The business plan outlines what your business will be, the market, your customer base, your marketing strategy, your startup and running costs, and your projected profits.

The best way to add credibility to your business plan is to support the forecasts and ideas presented with data provided by credible sources like authoritative books, industry leads, and government and trade publications.

Once you’ve backed up your work with these credible sources, give credit where credit is due. In other words, cite your sources (otherwise, it’s considered plagiarism). From web pages and websites to books, journals, or periodicals, it’s vital that you cite the sources for information used in your business proposal.

1. Choose a Citation Style

The first step, before you even begin writing or typing up your business plan , is to choose a citation style. The most common academic writing styles are APA, MLA, and Chicago.

A good way to decide which style to use is by deciding what type of field your business will fall into. MLA is mostly used in academics — ergo, if your business falls into any of the ‘humanities’ fields like geology, archeology and the like then use MLA. APA is mostly used in scientific studies, so if your business is more scientifically bent, like a pharmacy, then use APA.

2. Consistency is key

Whichever writing style you choose, stick to both the in-text and reference section citation guides given. Mixing styles is a sure sign to any investors that your work is sloppy and you have zero attention to detail.

This is not a message you want to send to your potential investor, especially before they even get a chance to grasp your idea or see it in action. Consistency in your writing is the first way to properly present your business proposal .

3. Understand Your Style Guides

In order to make your writing a little easier, here are a few examples of each style guide as they should be used. Simply follow the format in order to best cite your own sources.

APA Style Guide

• In-Text Citation : (Shelton, 2014)
• Bibliography : Shelton, H. (2014).  The Secrets to Writing a Successful Business Plan: A Pro Shares a Step-By-Step Guide to Creating a Plan That Gets Results . Amazon Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

• In-Text Citation :(Ries, 2011)
• Bibliography : Ries, E. (2011).  The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses . Crown Publishing, USA.

An article from a print journal

• In-Text Citation : (Adhari, 2020)
• Bibliography : Adhari, Z. L. (2020). “Strategic & Business Model of Digital Printing Startup based on Augmented Reality.”  Business Studies Journal ,  Research Article 2020 Vol 12, issue 2.  1944-656X

An article from an electronic journal

• Bibliography : Adhari, Z. L. (2020). “Strategic & Business Model of Digital Printing Startup based on Augmented Reality.”  Business Studies Journal ,  Research Article 2020 Vol 12, issue 2.  1944-6578. Retrieved from https://www.abacademies.org/articles/strategic–business-model-of-digita…
• In-Text Citation :(Moore, 2020)
• Bibliography : Moore, L. (2020, September 29).  Memorabilia-Trading App Rally Raises $17 Million . The Wall Street Journal https://www.wsj.com/articles/memorabilia-trading-app-rally-raises-17-million-11601379000?mod=markets_lead_pos6

MLA Style Guide

• In-Text Citation : (Shelton 2014, 54-64)
• Shelton, H. (2014).  The Secrets to Writing a Successful Business Plan: A Pro Shares a Step-By-Step Guide to Creating a Plan That Gets Results . Amazon Publishing.

An article in a print journal

•   In-Text Citation : (Adhari 2020, 18)
• Bibliography:  Adhari, Z. L. (2020). “Strategic & Business Model of Digital Printing Startup based on Augmented Reality.”  Business Studies Journal ,  Research Article 2020 Vol 12, issue 2.  1944-656X

An article in an electronic journal

• In-Text Citation : (Adhari 2020, 22)
• Bibliography:  Adhari, Z. L. (2020). “Strategic & Business Model of Digital Printing Startup based on Augmented Reality.”  Business Studies Journal ,  Research Article 2020 Vol 12, issue 2.  1944-6578. Accessed September 29, 2020. Retrieved from https://www.abacademies.org/articles/strategic–business-model-of-digital-printing-startup-based-on-augmented-reality-9414.html
• In-Text Citation : (Moore, 2020)
• Bibliography:  Moore, L. (2020, September 29).  Memorabilia-Trading App Rally Raises $17 Million . The Wall Street Journal. Last Modified September 29, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/memorabilia-trading-app-rally-raises-17-mil…

Another way to cite sources in MLA style is to use the note/bibliography method as shown below:

A book in print

• Note Style:  1. Hal Shelton,  The Secrets to Writing a Successful Business Plan: A Pro Shares a Step-By-Step Guide to Creating a Plan That Gets Results . (Amazon Publishing, 2014), 108-112.
• Duplicate Note:  2. Shelton,  The Secrets to Writing a Successful Business Plan: A Pro Shares a Step-By-Step Guide to Creating a Plan That Gets Results .
• Bibliography: Shelton, H.  The Secrets to Writing a Successful Business Plan: A Pro Shares a Step-By-Step Guide to Creating a Plan That Gets Results . Amazon Publishing, 2014.
• Note Style: 1. Lendy. Z. Adhari, “Strategic & Business Model of Digital Printing Startup based on Augmented Reality.”  Business Studies Journal ,  Research Article 2020 Vol 12, issue 2  (2020).  1944-656X
• Duplicate Note: 2. Adhari. “Strategic & Business Model of Digital Printing Startup based on Augmented Reality,” 21-22.
•  Bibliography: Adhari, Z. L. “Strategic & Business Model of Digital Printing Startup based on Augmented Reality.”  Business Studies Journal ,  Research Article 2020 Vol 12, issue 2  (2020): 11-12 .  1944-656X
• Note Style: 1. Lendy. Z. Adhari, “Strategic & Business Model of Digital Printing Startup based on Augmented Reality.”  Business Studies Journal ,  Research Article 2020 Vol 12, issue 2  (2020), accessed September 29, 2020,  1944-656X
•  Bibliography: Adhari, Z. L. “Strategic & Business Model of Digital Printing Startup based on Augmented Reality.”  Business Studies Journal ,  Research Article 2020 Vol 12, issue 2  (2020): 11-12. Accessed September 29 2020.  1944-656X
• Note Style: 1 Logan Moore,  Memorabilia-Trading App Rally Raises $17 Million . Last Modified September 29, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/memorabilia-trading-app-rally-raises-17-mil….
• Duplicate Note: Moore,  Memorabilia-Trading App Rally Raises $17 Million.
• Bibliography: Moore, L,  Memorabilia-Trading App Rally Raises $17 Million . Last Modified September 29, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/memorabilia-trading-app-rally-raises-17-mil….

Chicago Style Guide

In-text citation.

• Author’s name in text : Jeffers develops this argument (32-33).
• Author’s name in reference : This statement is reiterated again. (Jeffers 32-33)
• Two authors’ names in reference : This is why you do it (Author1 and Author2, page number).
• Quotation found in indirect or “secondhand” source : The writer Someone states that…(qtd. in Jeffers 22)

Works cited page

• Book in print:  Jeffers, S.  Feel Fear But Do It Anyway. 1987
• eBook:  Guy, S.  Business Book.  A publisher, Year.  Website , url.
• An article in a print journal:  Last Name, First name. “Book Title.”  Journal Name,  vol no, year, page.
• An article in an electronic journal:  Last Name, First name. “Book Title.”  Journal Name,  vol no, year, page. url.
• An encyclopedia entry:  “Entry Name.”  Encyclopedia name , edited by Author name, edition, publisher name, year, page.
• A government publication:  Government branch.  Publication . Publisher, Year.
• An interview you conducted:  Last Name, First name. Personal interview. dd mm year
• Website:  LName, FName. “Title.”  Website,  (dd mm year) web url.

Use any of the above examples to properly cite your sources in your business proposal before your presentation. Good luck!

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COB 300 - Integrative Business

• Using This Guide
• Business Ideas
• Starting Your Research
• Peer Research Advisers
• Citing Your Sources
• Presenting Your Pitch
• Responsible Use of Databases

Meet our Peer Research Advisers

Document Information as You Search

Pasting a bunch of links into a document and making sense of them later will be counterproductive on this project. Map sources to exhibits - highlighting exactly what information it provides - throughout the research process.

This spreadsheet can be copied into your Google Drive and provides a method for tracking what information comes from each source.

• PRO TIP: Document COB 300 sources_Template (Google Sheets) Copy this template into your group's Google Drive folder and document where you find different pieces of evidence to cite later.

Two other tips to make using information more efficient:

• PRO TIP: Finding persistent links in business databases Some databases don't permit users to copy a URL and re-open later. Learn how to access them in the future.
• PRO TIP: Name your files smartly A file naming convention is a framework for naming your files in a way that describes what they contain and how they are useful.

Unlike other projects, starting the citation process the week it's due will cause unnecessary stress. Save valuable time by using this documentation method.

Use a Citation Generator

Your business plan requires 2 types of citations:  In-text citations  in the written part of your plan and an alphabetized bibliography of citations  at the end.

Remember: The goal of every in-text citation is to direct your readers back to the bibliography so they can verify the information on their own. They work together.

To ensure consistency, we suggest the free citation generator  ZoteroBib or Zbib.

• ZoteroBib Helps build a bibliography instantly from any device, without creating an account or installing software

Can You Review Our Bibliography?

Neither the business librarians nor the peer research advisers has time to review the bibliographies for every COB 300 student team. Therefore, we can't review any of them - it wouldn't be fair to do otherwise. 

Instead, take advantage of the Complete APA Citation Guide for COB 300 and the Google Slides tutorials throughout the site that show where to get the information you need to cite popular business resources.  

Tips for Citing Sources in APA

• About these tutorials
• Citing business databases (Google Slides)
• Citing business databases (PDF)

JMU Libraries has created several resources to help students cite our specialized business resources.

Click on the tab to open either a Google Slides tutorial or a PDF that shows how to use ZoteroBib to create citations for data you've found in business databases like IBISWorld or Mintel. 

• Complete APA citation guide for COB 300 (PDF) Includes a sample of what a bibliography and in-text citations should look like in APA 7th.
• << Previous: Finance
• Next: Presenting Your Pitch >>
• Last Updated: Dec 17, 2024 12:34 PM
• URL: https://guides.lib.jmu.edu/cob300

Citing Business Sources: MLA: BUSINESS CITATIONS

• CITING BUSINESS SOURCES
• APA: BUSINESS CITATIONS

MLA: BUSINESS CITATIONS

Citing business sources guide.

MLA : Business Citations :

 ◊ MLA In-Text Citations  ◊ MLA Citations Basics  ◊ Print Books  ◊ Electronic Books  ◊ Articles: Print & Online  ◊ Conference Proceedings  ◊ Websites  ◊ Government Reports & Websites     ♦ NAICS Codes  ◊ Annual Reports/SEC Filings  ◊ Business Insights: Global  ◊ Business Source Complete  ◊ D&B Million Dollar Database  ◊ DemographicsNow  ◊ Gale Directory Library  ◊ Gale Virtual Reference Library  ◊ Mergent Online  ◊ NBER Working Papers  ◊ Value Line Research Center  ◊ Other Publication Types :     ♦ Pamphlets     ♦ Personal Interview

MAAG QUICK LINKS

• Maag Library Home
• Chat With A Librarian
• Ask A Librarian Email
• Request A Research Session
• OhioLINK Catalog
• A-Z Research Databases
• Maag Journal Finder
• BrowZine Journal Search
• Request Forms
• Course Reserves
• Digital Collections
• Library Account
• Library Hours
• Building Guide

BUSINESS RESEARCH GUIDES

• Accounting & Taxation
• Business Case Studies
• Business Ethics & Etiquette
• Business Plan Resources
• Business Research Databases
• Business Writing & Presenting
• Company Research
• Country Analysis
• Entrepreneurship
• Finance: Money & Banking
• Financial Literacy
• Financial Ratios
• Government Documents & Information
• Harvard Business Review Article Restrictions
• Industry Research
• Local Business Information
• Marketing & Advertising
• Ohio Economic Information

MLA rules for this website are taken from the MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers , 8th Edition . Copies of this style manual are available at the Reference Desk at call number LB2369 .G53 2016 .

The resources listed below will also help you with MLA citation format:

   ♦ Modern Language Association: MLA Style    ♦  Purdue OWL Online Writing Lab: MLA Formatting & Style Guide

From MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers , 7th Edition (p. 129):

This guide has been compiled by referencing the MLA Handbook , the Purdue OWL website, and by consulting the work of other business librarians who have created guides for business citation. Business citations are not directly addressed in the MLA manual, so the decisions on how to create many of these citations have been a matter of interpretation.

For help with writing and citation format, visit the YSU Writing Center on the lower level of Maag Library.

MLA IN-TEXT CITATIONS:

You must provide parenthetical references (in-text citations) for quotes, paraphrases, and summaries used within a paper. The parenthetical reference refers the reader to the complete bibliographic citation on the Works Cited page.

According to MLA guidelines, you must provide the last name of the author(s) and the page number(s) in parentheses at the end of the borrowed material . If you use the author name(s) in the sentence, it need not appear in the parentheses at the end. The page number(s), however, should always appear in the parentheses at the end. Use abbreviations where appropriate so the flow of the paper is interrupted as little as possible.

"U.S. imports of certified coffee exploded from 1.3 million pounds in 1999 to almost 45 million pounds in 2005, for a total value of $45 million" (Jaffee 16).

If you introduce borrowed material with the author's name, put only the page number in parentheses at the end of the borrowed material.

According to Jaffee, "U.S. imports of certified coffee exploded from 1.3 million pounds in 1999 to almost 45 million pounds in 2005, for a total value of $45 million" (16).

More than one page: (Jaffee 116-17).

More than one author in list with the same last name, add first initial: (D. Jaffee 16).

More than one author in list with the same last name and first initial, add full first name: (Daniel Jaffee 16).

2-3 authors, give last name of each: (Thurston, Morris, and Steiman 56).

More than 3 authors, use first author's last name followed by et al.: (Curran et al. 2601-09).

Corporate author, use corporation name, shortened or in full: (International Trade Centre 61).

No known author, use shortened title of work.

The title should be placed within quotation marks (articles) or italicized (books, entire websites).

2 or more works with same title and no author listed, add a publication fact, such as the date.

More than one work by an author, add cited title, shortened or in full, after the author's last name: (Fridell, Coffee 73).

Electronic publications sometimes include paragraph numbers or other kinds of reference numbers (par., sec., etc.).

 Sample Works Cited

Curran, Sara R., et al., eds. The Global Governance of Food . New York: Routledge, 2009. Print.

Fridell, Gavin. Coffee . Malden, MA: Polity Press, 2014. Print.

---. Fair Trade Coffee: The Prospects and Pitfalls of Market-Driven Social Justice . Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2007. Print.

International Trade Centre. The Coffee Exporter's Guide . 3rd ed. Geneva: International Trade Centre, 2011. Print.

Jaffee, Daniel. Brewing Justice: Fair Trade Coffee, Sustainability, and Survival . Oakland, California: University of California Press,

       2014. Print.

Peyser, Rick, and Bill Mares. Brewing Change: Behind the Bean at Green Mountain Coffee Roasters . Shelburne, VT: Wind Ridge

       Publishing, 2012. Print.

Thurston, Robert W., Jonathan Morris, and Shawn Steiman, eds. Coffee: A Comprehensive Guide to the Bean, the Beverage, and

       the Industry . Lanham, Md.:Rowman & Littlefield, 2013. Print.

Examples of the appropriate in-text citations are included for each type of source listed in the sections below.

MLA CITATION BASICS:

♦ MLA citation page title: Works Cited (centered)

♦ 1" margins on all sides / 12-point font / Number pages in upper right hand corner (1/2" from top)

♦ Double space citations on Works Cited page. 

♦ Alphabetize Works Cited page by author last name or title of document if no author name exists. Authors can be  individuals or    groups/organizations. If a title begins with a number, mentally spell out number when determining alphabetical order.

♦ For more than one work by the same author, order the entries alphabetically by title, and use three hyphens in place of the    author's name for every entry after the first:

Fridell, Gavin. Coffee . Malden, MA: Polity Press, 2014. Print. ---. Fair Trade Coffee: The Prospects and Pitfalls of Market-Driven Social Justice . Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2007.        Print.

♦ Hanging indentation: If a Works Cited entry continues to a second line, indent all subsequent lines 1/2".

♦ One author/editor: Fridell, Gavin.    Two authors/editors: Peyser, Rick, and Bill Mares.    Three authors/editors: Thurston, Robert W., Jonathan Morris, and Shawn Steiman, eds.    More than 3 authors/editors: Curran, Sara., et al.,eds.

♦ If the work has an editor, compiler, or translator instead of an author, follow the name with a comma, then ed., comp., or trans.

♦ In general, omit titles, affiliations, and degrees that precede or follow names. An essential suffix appears after the name,    preceded by a comma: Rust, Arthur George, Jr. OR Rockefeller, John D., IV.

♦ If no author/editor is listed, start citation with title.

♦ Capitalize each word in the titles of articles, books, etc. Do not capitalize articles (the, an), prepositions, or conjunctions    unless one is the first word of the title or subtitle.

♦ Use these abbreviations when the information is unavailable: No publisher: n.p.; No publication date: n.d..

♦ If more than one city of publication is listed, give only the first listed on the title page of the book.

♦ Including a URL is optional, but may be required by your instructor. If required, add URL at end of citation in angle  brackets. If the    URL continues to a second line, divide it after a backslash. Example:

"Beyond the Cup: Sustainability Report Fiscal 2014." Keurig Green Mountain . Keurig Green Mountain, Inc., 2 Feb. 2015.  Web. 19 Mar.

       2015. <http://www.keuriggreenmountain.com/~/media/Sustainability/PDF/ReportsDisclosures/ 

       Keurig_Fiscal2014_SustainabilityReport.ashx>.

♦ Indicate the Medium of Publication: Print, Web, Film, CD-ROM, DVD...

PRINT BOOKS:

Author(s)/Editor(s). Title of Book . Edition. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Print.

Note : If work has an editor, compiler, or translator instead of an author, follow name with a comma, then ed., comp., or trans.

Book with Single Author/Editor :

In-Text Citation : (Jaffee 6).

Two Books by the Same Author/Editor :

In-Text Citation : (Fridell, Coffee 73).

Note : For more than one work by the same author, use three hyphens in place of the author's name for every entry after the first.

Two Authors/Editors:

In-Text Citation :(Peyser and Mares 27-28).

Three Authors/Editors :

In-Text Citation : (Thurston, Morris, and Steiman 56).

Four or More Authors/Editors :

In-Text Citation :  (Curran et al. 2601-09).

Note : You may also include full names of all the authors in the order listed on the title page.

Corporate Author:

In-Text Citation : (International Trade Centre 61)

Note: Omit any initial article (A, An, The) in the name, and do not abbreviate the name.

No Author :

Begin citation with title.

NAICS Desk Reference: The North American Industry Classification System Desk Reference . Indianapolis, IN: JIST, 2000. Print.

In-Text Citation : ( NAICS 768).

Note : No known author, use shortened title of work. The title should be placed within quotation marks (articles) or italicized (books, entire websites).

Chapter/Essay in a Book:

"Title of Chapter/Essay/Entry." Title of Source . Editor Name. Volume Number. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of Publication.

       Page Number(s). Print.

"Coffee House: Coffee Circus." Business Plans Handbook: A Compilation of Actual Business Plans Developed by Small Businesses

       throughout North America . Ed. Angela Shupe. Vol. 4. New York: Gale Research, 1997. 97-117. Print.

In-Text Citation : ("Coffee House" 99).

Note : Use this method for information taken from reference books.

Note : No need to include page numbers if entries are in alphabetical order within the reference book.

ELECTRONIC BOOKS:

Author(s)/Editor(s). Title of Book . Edition. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Name of Database . Web.  Date

       accessed.

Langen, Nina. Ethics in Consumer Choice: An Empirical Analysis Based on the Example of Coffee . Dordrecht: Springer, 2013.

       OhioLINK Electronic Book Center . Web. 12 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (Langen 167).

Finch, Brian. How to Write a Business Plan . 4th ed. London: Kogan Page, 2013. Safari Books Online . Web. 23 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (Finch 54-55).

Mancuso, Anthony. Your Limited Liability Company : An Operating Manual . Berkeley, CA: Nolo, 1999. EBSCO eBook Collection . Web.

       13 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (Mancuso 97).

ARTICLES - PRINT & ONLINE:

Scholarly Journal Article - Print:

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of the Periodical Volume.Issue (Year of Publication): Page number(s). Print.

Daunfeldt, Sven-Olov, and Niklas Rudholm. "Does Shelf-Labeling of Organic Foods Increase Sales? Results from a Natural Experiment."

       Journal of Retailing & Consumer Services 21.5 (2014): 804-11. Print.

In-Text Citation : (Daunfeldt and Rudholm 805).

Journal Article with No Issue Number :

Wilson, Adam P., and Norbert L.W. Wilson. "The Economics of Quality in the Specialty Coffee Industry: Insights from the Cup of

       Excellence Auction Programs." Agricultural Economics 45 (2014): 91-105. Print.

In-Text Citation : (Wilson and Wilson 96).

Scholarly Journal Article - Database:

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of the Periodical Volume.Issue (Year of Publication): Page number(s). Database Title . Web. Date

       accessed .

       Journal Of Retailing & Consumer Services 21.5 (2014): 804-11. Business Source Complete . Web. 13 Mar. 2015.

       Excellence Auction Programs." Agricultural Economics 45 (2014): 91-105. Business Source Complete . Web. 13 Mar. 2015.

Magazine/Trade Publication Article - Print :

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of the Periodical Date of Publication: Page number(s). Print.

Cernivec, Stephanie. "From Brand Variety to Category Variety." Beverage Industry Oct. 2014: 36. Print.

In-Text Citation : (Cernivec 36).

Magazine/Trade Publication Article - Database:

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of the Periodical Date of Publication: Page number(s). Database Title . Web. Date accessed.

Cernivec, Stephanie. "From Brand Variety to Category Variety." Beverage Industry Oct. 2014: 36. MasterFILE Premier . Web.

       23 Mar. 2015.

"Coca-Cola, Keurig Green Mountain Add Hot Brewing To Partnership." Beverage Industry Oct. 2014: 12. MasterFILE  Premier . Web.

In-Text Citation : ("Coca-Cola" 12)

Magazine/Trade Publication Article - Web:

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of the Periodical. Publisher, Date of Publication. Web. Date accessed.

Hamblin, James. "A Brewing Problem: What's the Healthiest Way to Keep Everyone Caffeinated?" The Atlantic . Atlantic Monthly

       Group, 2 Mar. 2015. Web. 23 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (Hamblin).

Newspaper Article - Print :

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of the Newspaper Date of Publication: Page number(s). Print.

Hall, Kalea. "YSU First to Have Keurig University Program." Vindicator [Youngstown, OH] 10 Mar. 2015: D2. Print.

Note : Include city in brackets if not in newspaper title.

In-Text Citation : (Hall D2).

Newspaper Article - Database:

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of the Newspaper Date of Publication: Page number(s). Database Title . Web. Date accessed.

Hall, Kalea. "YSU First to Have Keurig University Program." Vindicator [Youngstown, OH] 10 Mar. 2015: D2. Newspaper Source . Web.

In-Text Citation : (Hall).

Newspaper Article - Web:

Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Website. Publisher, Date of Publication. Web. Date accessed.

Hall, Kalea. "YSU First to Have Keurig University Program." Vindy.com. Vindicator, 10 Mar. 2015. Web. 13 Mar. 2015.

CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS - DATABASE:

Author(s). "Title of Presentation/Paper." Title of Proceedings. Vol. number. City of Publication: Publisher, Year of Publication. Page

       number(s). Database Title . Web. Date accessed.  

Zhao, Chenxiao, et al. "A Study of the Role of Competitive Intelligence in Technology Innovation." Annual International Conference

       on Innovation & Entrepreneurship. Singapore: Global Science & Technology Forum, 2012. 61-66. Entrepreneurial Studies

       Source . Web. 13 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (Chenxiao et al. 63).

Rollins, Brandon, Ismet Anitsal, and M. Meral Anitsal. "Viral Marketing For Entrepreneurs." Allied Academies International

       Conference: Proceedings of The Academy of Entrepreneurship. Vol. 18. Candler, NC: Jordan Whitney, 2012. 49. Entrepreneurial

       Studies Source . Web. 13 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (Rollins, Anitsal, and Anitsal 49).

Note : If no author/editor is listed, start citation with title. Note : Skip version/edition if not available. Note : Use n.p. if no publisher / Use n.d. if no date is available.

Entire Website:

Author(s)/Editor(s). Overall Title of Website . Version/Edition. Publisher/Sponsor, Date of Publication. Web. Date accessed.

Keurig Green Mountain . Keurig Green Mountain, Inc., n.d. Web. 23 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ( Keurig Green Mountain ).

Page from a Website:

Author(s)/Editor(s). "Title of Page from Website." Overall Title of Website . Version/Edition. Publisher/Sponsor, Date of Publication.

       Web. Date accessed.

"Keurig Green Mountain and DS Services Announce Partnership." Keurig Green Mountain . Keurig Green Mountain,Inc., 3 Mar. 2015.

       Web. 13 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ("Keurig Green Mountain and DS Services").

Wikipedia Contributors. "Keurig Green Mountain." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia . Wikimedia Foundation, 20 Feb. 2015. Web.

In-Text Citation : (Wikipedia).

Document from a Website:

Author(s)/Editor(s). "Title of Page from Website."  Overall Title of Website . Version/Edition. Publisher/Sponsor, Date of Publication.

Rowley, Stuart. "Ford University." Ford . Ford Motor Company, 13 Mar. 2015. Web. 11 Jan. 2016.

In-Text Citation : (Rowley 15).

GOVERNMENT REPORTS & WEBSITES:

Note : If you do not know the author of the document, use the issuing government agency - state the name of the government first, followed by the name of the agency, then additional agency or (sub-)committee names.

Print Government Report with Author:

Author(s). Title of Document . City of Publication: Publisher, Date of Publication. Print.

Harlow, Caroline Wold. Hate Crime Reported by Victims and Police . Washington: U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of Justice  Programs,

       Bureau of Justice Statistics, Nov. 2005. Print.

In-Text Citation : (Harlow 19-20).

Print Government Report with No Author:

Government Name. Government Agency. Sub-Agency or (Sub)Committee. Title of Document . Publication/Report  Number/

       Congressional Session. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of Publication. Print.

United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health .  Washington: GPO,

       2000. Print.

In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Health & Human Services 38).

Online Government Report with Author:

Author(s). "Title of Document." Title of Overall Website .  Publication/Report  Number/ Congressional Session . Publisher, Date of

       Publication. Web. Date accessed.

Harlow, Caroline Wold. "Hate Crime Reported by Victims and Police." Office of Justice Programs . U.S. Dept. of Justice, Office of

       Justice  Programs,  Bureau of Justice Statistics, Nov. 2005. Web. 11 Sept. 2008.

Online Government Report with No Author:

Government Name. Government Agency. Sub-Agency or (Sub)Committee. "Title of Document." Title of Overall Website . 

       Publication/ Report  Number/ Congressional Session. Publisher, Date of Publication. Web. Date accessed.

United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. "Healthy People 2010: Understanding and Improving Health." Healthy People

       2010 .  U.S. Government Printing Office,  2000. Web. 15 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Health & Human Services 38).  

United States. National Science and Technology Council. Committee on Environment and Natural Resources. "Scientific  Assessment 

        of the Effects of Global Change on the United States."  The White House . U.S. Climate Change Science Program,  May 2008. Web.

       15 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (US Natl. Science & Technology Council 79).

NAICS Code from Census Bureau Website:

Government Name. Government Agency. Sub-Agency or (Sub)Committee. "Title of Page from Website."  Title of Overall  Website . 

        Publisher, Date of Publication. Web. Date of access. 

United States. Dept. of Commerce. Census Bureau. "2012 NAICS Definition, 311920, Coffee and Tea Manufacturing."  North  American

       Industry Classification . Census Bureau, 2012. Web. 15 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Commerce, Census Bureau "2012 NAICS").  [Part of title added if more than one Census Bureau reference]

SIC Code from Department of Labor, OSHA Website:

Government Name. Government Agency. Sub-Agency or (Sub)Committee. "Title of Page from Website."  Title of Overall Website . 

        Publisher, Date of Publication. Web. Date of access.

United States. Department of Labor. Occupational Health and Safety Administration. "Description for 2095:  Roasted  Coffee." 

       Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) System Search . Department of Labor, 1987. Web. 15 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Labor, OSHA).

Print Congressional Hearing:

Government Name. Government Agency.  Sub-Agency or (Sub)Committee. Title of Document . Congressional Session.  Document

       Number. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of Publication. Print.

United States. Cong. House. Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Al-Qaeda: The Many Faces of an Islamist  Extremist

       Threat . 109th Cong., 2nd sess. H. Rept. 615. Washington: GPO, 2006. Print.

In-Text Citation : (US Cong. House 32).

---. ---. Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack. Hearings . 79th Cong., 1st and 2nd sess. 32 vols. 

        Washington: GPO, 1946. Print.

In-Text Citation : (U.S. Cong. Joint Committee 79).

---. ---. Senate. Subcommittee on Constitutional Amendments of the Committee on the Judiciary. Hearings on the "Equal  Rights"

       Amendment . 91st Cong., 2nd sess. S. Res. 61. Washington: GPO, 1970, Print.

In-Text Citation : (US Senate 13).

Note : If you are citing two or more works issued by the same government, substitute three hyphens for the name in each entry after the first. If you also cite more than one work by the same government agency, use an additional three hyphens in place of the agency in the second entry and each subsequent one ( MLA Handbook , p.175).

Online Congressional Hearing:

Government Name. Government Agency.  Sub-Agency or (Sub)Committee.  " Title of Document." Congressional Session.  Document

       Number. Title of Overall Website . Publisher, Date of Publication. Web. Date accessed.

       Threat . 109th Cong., 2nd sess. H. Rept. 615. FDsys: Federal Digital System . U.S. Government Printing Office, 2006. Web.

       15 Sept 2015.

Occupational Employment Statistics (Bureau of Labor Statistics):

Government Name. Government Agency. Sub-Agency or (Sub)Committee. "Title of Page from Website." Title of Overall Website . 

United States. Department of Labor. Bureau of Labor Statistics. "May 2014 National Industry-Specific Occupational  Employment and

       Wage Estimates, NAICS 482100 - Rail Transportation." Occupational Employment Statistics .  Division of Employment  Statistics,

       May 2014. Web. 16 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Labor, BLS). In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Labor, BLS "May 2014). [Part of title added if more than one BLS reference]

Census Bureau Population Data:

Government Name. Government Agency.  Sub-Agency or (Sub)Committee. "Title of Page/Table." Title of Overall Website .  Publisher,

       Date of  Publication. Web. Date accessed.

United States. Dept. of Commerce. Census Bureau. Population Division. "Table 2-32: New York: Total Voting-Age  Population and

       Citizen Voting-Age Population by Sex, for Counties: 2000." United States Census 2000 . U.S.  Census Bureau,  4 Mar. 2004. Web.

       12 Aug. 2009.

In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Commerce, Census Bureau, Population Division).

Economic Census (Census Bureau):

United States. Dept. of Commerce. Census Bureau. "Retail Trade: Geographic Area Series: Summary Statistics for the  United States,

       States, Metro Areas, Counties, and Places: 2012." 2012 Economic Census of the United States . U.S.  Census Bureau,  28 Aug. 2015.

       Web. 16 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Commerce, Census Bureau) In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Commerce, Census Bureau "Retail Trade")  [Part of title added if more than one Census Bureau reference]

County Business Patterns (Census Bureau):

       Date of Publication. Web. Date accessed.

United States. Dept. of Commerce. Census Bureau. "2013 MSA Business Patterns: Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA  Metro Area."

       County Business Patterns . U.S. Census Bureau, n.d. Web. 16 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Commerce, Census Bureau). In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Commerce, Census Bureau "2013 MSA"). [Part of title added if more than one Census Bureau reference]

Consumer Expenditure Survey (Bureau of Labor Statistics):

Government Name. Government Agency.  Sub-Agency or (Sub)Committee. "Title of Page/Table." Title of Overall Website . Publisher,

United States. Dept. of Labor. Bureau of Labor Statistics. "Table 2100. Race of Reference Person: Annual Expenditure  Means, Shares,

       Standard Errors, and Coefficients of Variation, Consumer Expenditure Survey, 2014." Consumer  Expenditure Survey . U.S.  Bureau

       of Labor Statistics, Sept. 2015. Web. 16 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Labor, BLS) In-Text Citation : (US Dept. of Labor, BLS "Table 2100"). [Part of title added if more than one BLS reference]

World Development Indicators from World DataBank:

Author/Compiler. "Title of Page/Table." Title of Overall Website . Publisher, Date of Publication. Web. Date  accessed.

World Bank. "C02 Emissions (Metric Tons Per Capita)." World Development Indicators . World Bank Group,  2015. Web.  16 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (World Bank).

ANNUAL REPORTS / SEC FILINGS:

Annual Report/SEC Filing - Print:

Title of 10-K or Annual Report . City of Publication: Publisher, Year of publication. Print.

Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. Fiscal 2014 Annual Report . Waterbury, VT: Keurig Green Mountain, 2014. Print.

In-Text Citation : ( Keurig Annual Report 9).

Annual Report/SEC Filing from a Company Website:

"Title of 10-K or Annual Report." Title of Overall Website . Publisher, Date of publication. Web. Date accessed.  

"Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. Fiscal 2014 Annual Report." Keurig .  Keurig Green Mountain, Inc., 19 Nov. 2014. Web.16 Mar. 2015.

Annual Report/SEC Filing from SEC EDGAR Database :

"Title of 10-K or Annual Report." Title of Overall Website . Publisher, Date of Publication. Web.  Date accessed.  

"Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. Form 10-K for Fiscal Year Ended September 27, 2014." EDGAR . Securities and Exchange

       Commission,  2014. EDGAR . Web. 16 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ( Keurig Form 10-K  29).

Annual Report/SEC Filing from a Database:

Title of 10-K or Annual Report . Publisher, Year of Publication. Database Title . Web.  Date accessed.  

Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. Form 10-K for Fiscal Year Ended September 27, 2014 . Keurig Green Mountain, Inc., 2014.  Mergent

       Online . Web. 16 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ( Keurig Form 10-K 29).

BUSINESS INSIGHTS: GLOBAL:

Business Insights: Global includes citation information at the bottom of each document and has a citation tool that formulates citations in APA and MLA formats.

Industry Report from a Reference Source:

"Title of Industry Report." Title of Source . Editor Name. Volume/Edition. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of Publication.

       Database Title . Web.  Date accessed.

"Roasted Coffee." Encyclopedia of American Industries . 6th Edition. Detroit: Gale, 2014. Business Insights: Global . Web. 

        16 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ("Roasted Coffee").

Note : Treat this source like a chapter in a reference book and include the following information if available: editor(s), edition and city of publication. This particular source does not list an editor.

Company History from Reference Source:

"Company Name." Title of Source . Editor Name. Volume/Edition. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of  Publication. Database

       Title .  Web. Date accessed.  

"Keurig, Incorporated." International Directory of Company Histories . Ed. Jay P. Pederson. Vol. 137. Detroit: St. James  Press, 2012.

       Business Insights: Global . Web. 16 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ("Keurig, Incorporated")

Note : Treat this source like a chapter in a reference book and include the following information if available: editor(s), edition and city of publication.

Market Share Report:

"Title of Report." Title of Source . Editor Name. Edition. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of Publication. Database Title .  Web.

       Date accessed.

"Top Single-Cup Coffee Makers, 2014." Market Share Reporter . Ed. Robert S. Lazich. 2016 ed. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale,  2016.

In-Text Citation : ("Top Single-Cup").

Note : Treat this source like a chapter in a reference book and include the following information if available: editor(s), edition and city of publication. This particular source does not list page numbers.

SWOT Reports:

"Title of Report." Title of Source . Publisher, Date of Publication. Database Title .  Web. Date accessed.

"Starbucks Corporation - Financial and Strategic Analysis Review." Global Markets Direct SWOT Reports .  GlobalData,  6 Apr. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (GlobalData Ltd. 2).

BUSINESS SOURCE COMPLETE:

For Business Source Complete article citation format, see Articles - Print & Online above.

MarketLine Company Profile:

"Title of Company Profile." Title of Source. Publisher, Date of Publication. Database  Title . Web. Date accessed.

"Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. Company Profile." MarketLine/Medtrack Company Profiles.  London: MarketLine,  18 Jun. 2015. 

        Business  Source Complete . Web. 13 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ("Keurig" MarketLine  16) [Include part of source title if needed to clarify.]

SWOT Analysis:

"Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. SWOT Analysis." Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. Company Profile. MarketLine, 18 Jun. 2015.  Business

       Source Complete . Web. 13 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ("Keurig SWOT Analysis" 3).

Barnes Industry Report:

"Title of Industry Report." Title of Source . Publisher, Date of Publication. Database  Title . Web. Date accessed.

"BARNES Reports: Coffee & Tea Mfg. Industry (NAICS 31192)." United States Coffee & Tea Manufacturing  Industry Report. C.   Barnes &

       Co., 2014. Business Source Complete . Web. 13 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ("BARNES Reports" 27).

MarketLine Industry Profile:

"Global Hot Drinks Industry Profile." Hot Drinks Industry Profile: Global . MarketLine, Oct. 2014.  Business Source Complete . Web.

       13 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ("Global Hot Drinks" 32).

Market Research Handbooks:

"Title of Industry Report." Title of Source . Publisher, Date of Publication.  Page  Number(s). Database Title . Web. Date accessed.

"Coffee." Restaurant, Food & Beverage Market Research Handbook  2014-2015. Richard K. Miller & Assoc., 2014. 444-47. Business

In-Text Citation : ("Coffee" 445).

Note : It is not required to include page numbers in citation for this source, but they may be included for clarity.

Case Study:

Title of Case Study . Publisher, Date of Publication.  Database Title . Web. Date  accessed.

Single Serve Coffee Pod Case Study: The Rise Of The One Cup Coffee Trend (Procter & Gamble, Kraft &  Nestle) . Datamonitor,

       Apr. 2005.  Business Source Complete . Web. 16 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ( Single Serve Coffee  8).

Country Report:

"Argentina: Forecast Brief - 2011 Edition." Countrywatch Forecast Brief - Argentina .  CountryWatch, 2011. Business Source Complete .

In-Text Citation : ("Argentina: Forecast Brief" 6-7).

D&B MILLION DOLLAR DATABASE: FIRST RESEARCH:

First Research Industry Profile:

"Coffee & Tea Manufacturing." First Research . Hoovers Inc., 20 July 2015. D&B Million Dollar Database . Web.  16 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ("Coffee & Tea"). In-Text Citation : ("Coffee & Tea" First Research ) [Add part of source title if needed to clarify.]

DEMOGRAPHICSNOW:

Demographic Report for a Specific Geographical Area:

Title of Report . Publisher, Date of Publication. Database Title . Web. Date accessed.

Demographic Detail Summary for Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH-PA Metro . Gale Cengage Learning, n.d. Demographics Now .

In-Text Citation : ( Demographic Detail ).

GALE DIRECTORY LIBRARY:

Market Share Reporter:

"Title of Report." Title of Source . Editor Name. Edition. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of  Publication. Database Title . Web.

"Best-Selling Coffee Sectors, 2014." Market Share Reporter . Ed. Robert S. Lazich. 26th ed.  Farmington Hills, MI: Gale, 2016. Business

       Insights: Global . Web. 16 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ("Best-Selling Coffee Sectors").

GALE VIRTUAL REFERENCE LIBRARY:

Business Plans Handbook:

"Title of Chapter/Essay/Entry." Title of Source . Editor Name. Volume Number. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of  Publication.

       Page Number(s). Print.

"Coffee House: Coffee Circus." Business Plans Handbook: A Compilation of Actual Business Plans Developed by Small  Businesses

       throughout North America . Ed. Angela Shupe. Vol. 4. Detroit: Gale, 2005. 97-117. Gale Virtual Reference  Library . Web.

       16 Sept. 2015.

Encyclopedia of Emerging Markets:

"Title of Report." Title of Source . Editor Name. Edition. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of Publication. Page  Number(s).

       Database Title . Web. Date accessed.

"Specialty Coffee." Encyclopedia of Emerging Industries . Ed. Lynn M. Pearce. 6th ed. Detroit: Gale, 2011. 880-87. Gale  Virtual

       Reference Library . Web. 16 Sept. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ("Specialty Coffee" 880-81).

Encyclopedia of Global Brands:

"Title of Report." Title of Source . Edition. Volume Number. City of Publication: Publisher, Date of Publication. Page  Number(s).

"Starbucks." Encyclopedia of Global Brands . 2nd ed. Vol. 2. Detroit: St. James Press, 2013. 1008-11. Gale Virtual  Reference Library .

       Web. 16 Sept. 2015. 

In-Text Citation : ("Starbucks" 1010-11).

MERGENT ONLINE:

Mergent Company Profile:

Title of Company Profile . Publisher, Date of Publication. Database Title . Web. Date accessed.

Keurig Green Mountain Inc . Mergent, n.d.  Mergent Online . Web. 20 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : ( Keurig Mergent). 

Note : Use n.d. if no date is available.  Mergent Online  company profiles are not dated.

Annual/10-K Report from Mergent Online:

Title of Report . Publisher, Year of Publication. Database Title . Web. Date accessed.  

In-Text Citation : ( Keurig Mergent ). [Add part of source title if needed to clarify.]

Mergent Online Industry Report:

Title of Report . Publisher, Date of Publication. Title of Database. Web. Date accessed.

North America Food & Beverage Sectors: A Company and Industry Analysis .  Mergent , Dec. 2015.  Mergent Online . Web. 11 Jan. 2016.

In-Text Citation : ( North America Food 11).

Mergent Online Country Report:

United States Country Profile . Mergent, 2014. Mergent Online . Web. 11 Jan. 2016. 

In-Text Citation : ( US Country Profile 27).

NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH (NBER) WORKING PAPERS:

Working Paper:

Author(s). Title of Working Paper . Working paper no. Publisher, Year of Publication. Database Title . Web. Date accessed.

Gelman, Michael, et al. How Individuals Smooth Spending: Evidence from the 2013 Government Shutdown Using Account  Data .

       Working paper no. 21025. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2015. NBER Working Papers . Web. 20 Mar. 2015.

In-Text Citation : (Gelman et al. 43).

VALUE LINE RESEARCH CENTER:

Value Line Research Center Company Profile:

Title of Company Profile . Publisher, Date of Publication.  Database Title . Web. Date accessed.

Keurig Green Mountain .  Value Line , n.d. Value Line Research Center . Web. 20 Mar. 2015. 

In-Text Citation : ( Keurig Value Line ). [Add part of source title if needed to clarify.]

Note : Use n.d. if no date is available.  Value Line Research Center  company profiles are not dated.

OTHER PUBLICATION TYPES:

Map or Chart:

Japanese Fundamentals . Chart. Hauppauge: Barron, 1992. Print.

Michigan . Map. Chicago: Rand, 20200. Print.

"Western Boundaries of Brazil, 1600, 1780, and the Present." Map. Brazilian Narrative Traditions in a Comparative Context . By Earl E. Fitz. New York: MLA, 2005. 43. Print.

"Maplewood, New Jersey." Map. Google Maps . Google, 15 May 2008. Web. 15 May 2008.

Note : Treat a map or chart like an article or book, but add the appropriate descriptive label (Map, Chart).

Author(s). Title of Pamphlet . City of Publisher: Publisher, Year of publication. Medium of publication consulted.

Helping Your Child through Early Adolescence . Washington: US Dept. of Education, 2008. Print.

In-Text Citation : ("Helping Your Child").

Personal Interview:

Name of Person Interviewed. Personal interview. Date of interview.

Adams, Christine. Personal interview. 24 Mar. 2015.

Adams, Christine. Telephone interview. 24 Mar. 2015.

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